2020-10-29
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด L – Learn - teach
การใช้ภาษาอังกฤษ ที่ถือว่า ถูกต้อง นี้ เป็นไป ตามมาตรฐาน ของภาษา
การใช้ภาษาอังกฤษ ไม่กำหนดมาตฐาน ถือตามส่วนใหญ่ที่ใช้แต่ละท้องถิ่น
ความหมาย อาจยืดหยุ่น ขึ้นอยู่กับ ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค
Dictionary.com
ออกเสียง Learn = ‘LURN’
ออกเสียง teach = ‘TEECH’
Dictionary.com
SYNONYM STUDY FOR LEARN
Learn, ascertain, detect, discover imply adding to one's store of facts.
To learn is to add to one's knowledge or information: to learn a language.
To ascertain is to verify facts byinquiry or analysis: to ascertain the truth about an event.
To detect implies becoming aware ofsomething that had been obscure, secret, or concealed: to detect a flaw in reasoning.
To discover is used with objective clausesas a synonym of learn
in order to suggest that the new information acquired is surprising to the learner: I discovered that she had been married before.
Dictionary.com
SYNONYM STUDY FOR TEACH
Teach, instruct, tutor, train, educate
share the meaning of imparting information, understanding, or skill.
Teach is the broadest and most general of these terms
and can refer to almost any practice that causesothers to develop skill or knowledge: to teach children to write; to teach marksmanship to soldiers; to teach tricks to a dog.
Instruct almost always implies a systematic, structured method of teaching: to instruct paramedics in techniques of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Tutor refers to the giving of usually private instruction or coaching in a particular subject or skill: to tutor a child in ( a foreign language, algebra, history, or the like ).
Train lays stress on the development of desired behaviors through practice, discipline, or the use of rewards or punishments: to train a child to be polite; to train recruits in military skills; to train a dog to heel.
Educate, with a root sense of “to lead forth from,” refers to the imparting of a specific body of knowledge, especially one that equips a person to practice a profession: to educate a person for a high school diploma; to educate someone for the law.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Choose the Right Synonym for learn
DISCOVER, ASCERTAIN, DETERMINE, UNEARTH, LEARN
mean to find out what one did not previously know.
DISCOVER may apply to something requiring exploration or investigation or to a chance encounter. discovered the source of the river
ASCERTAIN implies effort to find the facts or the truth proceeding from awareness of ignorance or uncertainty. attempts to ascertain the population of the region
DETERMINE emphasizes the intent to establish the facts definitely or precisely. unable to determine the origin of the word
UNEARTH implies bringing to light something forgotten or hidden. unearth old records
LEARN may imply acquiring knowledge with little effort or conscious intention (as by simply being told) or it may imply study and practice. I learned her name only today learning Greek
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Choose the Right Synonym for teach
TEACH, INSTRUCT, EDUCATE, TRAIN, DISCIPLINE, SCHOOL
mean to cause to acquire knowledge or skill.
TEACH applies to any manner of imparting information or skill so that others may learn. taught us a lot about our planet
INSTRUCT suggests methodical or formal teaching. instructs raw recruits in military drill
EDUCATE implies development of the mind. more things than formal schooling serve to educate a person
TRAIN stresses instruction and drill with a specific end in view. trained foreign pilots to operate the new aircraft
DISCIPLINE implies training in habits of order and precision. a disciplined mind
SCHOOL implies training or disciplining especially in what is hard to master. schooled the horse in five gaits
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Choose the Right Synonym for teach
mean to cause to gain knowledge or skill.
TEACH can be used of any method of passing on information or skill so that others may learn. She agreed to teach me how to play.
INSTRUCT is used when the teaching is done in a formal or orderly manner. Teachers will instruct all students in the sciences.
TRAIN is used for instruction with a particular purpose in mind. An engineer trained workers to operate the new machines.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Usage Guide
Can learn mean teach?:
Learn in the sense of "teach" dates from the 13th century and was standard until at least the early 19th. made them drunk with true Hollands—and then learned them the art of making bargains — Washington Irving But by Mark Twain's time it was receding to a speech form associated chiefly with the less educated. never done nothing for three months but set in his back yard and learn that frog to jump — Mark Twain The present-day status of learn has not risen. This use persists in speech, but in writing it appears mainly in the representation of such speech or its deliberate imitation for effect.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Usage Notes
'Teach 'em' or 'Learn 'em'?
When did 'learn' stop meaning "to teach?"
What to Know
We do offer a definition of “teach” for learn, although it is labeled nonstandard and tends to be used in an intentionally informal manner.
The English language can be quite fickle.
Some words (such as flingee, “the person at whom something is flung”) slide out of fashion in entirety, leaving behind nothing but a record in old books or current ones (such as dictionaries) which pay attention to old words. Some words remain in common parlance, but have left behind their initial meanings to such an extent that they are now essentially lost;
absurdity once referred to dissonance in music, but now is most commonly found meaning “something that is absurd.” And then there are certain other words which have meanings that float somewhere in between current and lost, such as the sense of learn meaning “to teach.”
Once upon a time it was entirely normal to use learn with the meaning of “to teach,” or “to inform of something.” All the cool writers did it: William Shakespeare, Noah Webster, Goffe Thomas (we are stretching the boundaries of what might be considered a cool writer just a touch).
Strophius: Remember Clytemnestra, he's your sonne. Clytemnestra: He is so, and I'll learne him to be so.
— Goffe Thmoas, The Tragedy of Orestes, 1633
Sweet prince, you’ll learn me noble thankfulness.
— William Shakespeare, Much Ado About Nothing 1599
I have far too much pride to stand indebted to Great Britain for books to learn our children the letters of the alphabet.
— Noah Webster, (letter) Weekly Monitor, 15 Feb. 1785
From the 13th through the end of the 18th century the use of learn to mean “teach” was fairly common,although the 1785 edition of Samuel Johnson’s dictionary (the 6th edition) labeled it as obsolete. And while Noah Webster used it in his letter writing that year, by the time he published his dictionary in 1828 this sense of the word had either taken a turn for the worse, or someone had teased him about using it thusly, as he seems to have changed his mind about it. Webster did define learn as “to teach, to communicate the knowledge of something before unknown,” but included a note at the end of the entry, “this use of learn is found in respectable writers, but is now deemed inelegant as well as improper.”
Although this use may very well have been viewed as inelegant and improper, it has not died away. We still see learn used to mean “teach” in common use throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, although it tends to be employed in an intentionally colloquial manner, signifying informal speech or lack of formal register.
He recovered himself, reached the bell rope, "Damn you,
I'll learn you," stepped to the door and called a couple of
brakemen, and then, as the speed slackened, roared out, "Get off this train.”
— Mark Twain, The Gilded Age: A Tale of To-Day, 1873
He struck him again, sending him to the ground, and said, "I'll learn you to call me a Eagle, you infernal scoundrel!”
— Artemus Ward, Artemus Ward, His Book, 1862
…if he’d only learned himself to speak good grammar he would probly be a Major today.
— James Jones, From Here to Eternity, 1951
We do offer a definition of “teach” for learn, although it is labeled nonstandard, and you may wish to avoid such use unless a specific effect is intended. It is interesting to see how a word’s meaning may take on a sort of half-life, wherein it is perhaps kept alive largely by writers who are intentionally using it in a linguistic register that is not entirely their own. As any discussion on this subject should make mention of what is probably the most well-known and beloved passage of literature containing an explication of the difference between teaching ‘em and learning ‘em, here is Kenneth Grahame’s explanation from the early 20th century.
The Toad, having finished his breakfast, picked up a stout stick and swung it vigorously, belabouring imaginary animals. ‘I’ll learn ‘em to steal my house!’ he cried. ‘I’ll learn ‘em, I’ll learn ‘em!’
’Don’t say ‘learn ‘em,’’ Toad, said the Rat, greatly shocked. ‘It’s not good English.’
’What are you always nagging at Toad for?’ inquired the Badger, rather peevishly. ‘What’s the matter with his English? It’s the same what I use myself, and if it’s good enough for me, it ought to be good enough for you!’
’I’m very sorry,’ said the Rat humbly. ‘’Only I think it ought to be ‘’teach ‘em,’’ not ‘’learn ‘em.”’
’But we don’t want to teach ‘em,’ replied the Badger. ‘We want to learn ‘em—learn ‘em, learn ‘em! And what’s more, we’re going to do it, too!’
— Kenneth Grahame, The Wind in The Willows, 1908
Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary
learn′a•ble, adj.
learn′er, n.
syn: learn, discover, ascertain, detect imply adding to one's store of knowledge or information.
To learn is to come to know by chance, or by study or other application: to learn of a friend's death; to learn to ski.
To discover is to find out something previously unseen or unknown; it suggests that the new information is surprising to the learner: I discovered that they were selling their house.
To ascertain is to find out and verify information through inquiry or analysis: to ascertain the truth about the incident.
To detect is to become aware of something obscure, secret, or concealed: to detect a flaw in reasoning.
Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary
Teach
syn: teach, instruct, train, educate share the meaning of imparting information, understanding, or skill.
teach is the most general of these terms, referring to any practice that furnishes a person with skill or knowledge: to teach children to write.
instruct usu. implies a systematic, structured method of teaching: to instruct paramedics in first aid.
train stresses the development of a desired proficiency or behavior through practice, discipline, and instruction: to train military recruits.
educate stresses the development of reasoning and judgment; it often involves preparing a person for an occupation or for mature life: to educate the young.
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language
Synonyms: teach, instruct, educate, train, school1, discipline, drill
These verbs mean to impart knowledge or skill.
Teach is the most widely applicable: taught the child to draw; taught literature at the college.
Instruct often suggests training in some special field or skill: instructed the undergraduates in music theory.
Educate often implies formal instruction but especially stresses the development of innate capacities: "We are educated by others ... and this cultivation, mingling with our innate disposition, is the soil in which our desires, passions, and motives grow" (Mary Shelley).
Train suggests concentration onparticular skills intended to fit a person for a desired role: trained the vocational students to be computer technicians.
School often implies an arduous training process: "He took young Deanie under his wing and schooled him in the art of ambidextrous gunplay" (T.J. English).
Discipline usually refers to the teaching of control, especially self-control: disciplined myself to exercise every day.
Drill implies rigorous instruction or training, usually by repetition: drilled the students by having them recite the multiplication tables.
Collins COBUILD English Usage
learn
1. knowledge and skills
When you learn something, you obtainknowledge or a skill as a result of studying or training.
The past tense and -ed participle of learn can be either learned or learnt. However, learnt is rarely used in American English.
We first learned to ski at les Rousses.
He had never learnt to read and write.
2. 'teach'
Don't say that you 'learn someone something' or 'learn someone how to do something.' The word you use is teach.
My sister taught me how to read.
See teach
3. learning from experience
You can use learn to say that someone becomes wiser or becomes better at doing something as the result of an experience.
Industry and commerce have learned a lot in the last few years.
You say that someone learns something from an experience.
They had learned a lot from their earlier mistakes.
Be Careful!
Don't use any preposition except from in a sentence like this.
4. information
Learn can also be used to say that someone receives some information. After learn, you use of and a noun phrase, or you use a that-clause.
He had learned of his father's death in Australia.
She learned that her grandmother had been a nurse.
Collins COBUILD English Usage
teach
1. teaching a subject
If you teach a subject, you explain it to people so that they know about it or understand it. The past form and -ed participle of teach is taught.
I taught history for many years.
English will be taught in primary schools.
When teach has this meaning, it often has an indirect object.
The indirect object can go either in front of the direct object or after it.
If it goes after the direct object, you put to in front of it.
That's the man that taught us Geography at school.
I found a job teaching English to a group of adults in Paris.
2. teaching a skill
If you teach someone to do something,
you give them instructions so that they know how to do it.
He taught me to sing a song.
His dad had taught him to drive.
When teach is used with a to-infinitive like this, it must have a direct object. Don't say, for example, 'His dad had taught to drive'.
Instead of using a to-infinitive, you can sometimes use an -ing form.
For example, instead of saying 'I taught them to ski', you can say 'I taught them skiing'. You can also say 'I taught them how to ski'.
She taught them singing.
My mother taught me how to cook.
Dictionary of Problem Words and Expression
Learn - teach
In standard usage, learn (meaning “to gain knowledge”)
is never acceptable in the sense of teach
(“to instruct,” “to impart knowledge”).
One can learn something, but he cannot learnsomeone else something:
“This should teach (not learn you to stay out of trouble.”
“If you will take the time to teach me, I’ll try to learn,”
