เผยแพร่เรื่องtopic(1)

การจัดชื่อเรื่อง

ต่อจาก เผยแพร่topic(0)

ใบความรู้ที่ 2

Topic of Conversation

ในการสนทนานั้น หากผู้พูดและผู้ฟังสามารถจับประเด็นเรื่องราวหรือหัวข้อของการสนทนาได้ บุคคลเหล่านั้นย่อมเข้าใจเรื่องราวที่สนทนากันเป็นอย่างดี ฉะนั้นการจับประเด็นหัวเรื่องของการสนทนา จึงเป็นเรื่องสำคัญที่ผู้เรียนต้องฝึกฝนให้เกิดความชำนาญ

Example

Student : When’s your trip to Tokyo?

Teacher : This weekend.

Student : What’s the weather going to be like in Tokyo this weekend?

Teacher : The forecast says it’s going to be very cold and snowing.

The high is two degrees and the low is minus three.

Student : Wow ! It must be very cold.

Teacher : It sure is.

Student : You’re better bring a coat and scarf.

Teacher : I will. Thanks.

Where are they? (At school.)

What are the words that helped you guess? (the weather ,cold and snowing, minus )

What is the topic of the conversation?

The trip
The weekend
A coat and scarf
The weather in Tokyo

Exercise 3

Read the conversation and answer the questions that follow.

1. A : The American Embassy, please. I have to be there by 10.15.

B : I can’t promise, but I’ll do my best.

………………………………….

A : You’re just in time. You’re a good driver. Here’s $ 5.30 please.

B : Thanks a lot. Here’s $ 6. You can keep the change.

Where are they? (In the taxi)

What are the words that helped you guess? (a good driver)

What is the topic of the conversation?

Reach The American Embassy by 10.15.
Drive to The American Embassy

c. Drive very fast

a good driver

2. A : How many

B : Three.

A : Do you have a reservation?

B : No.

A : Well, you’re lucky. I think we have some table. Right this way.

Where are they? (in the restaurant)

What are the words that helped you guess? (a reservation)

What is the topic of the conversation?

a. Restaurant b. A good luck

c. Have lunch d. Make a reservation

3. A : How shall I cut it, sir?

B : Very short all over, please.

A : Shall I put some oil on?

B : No, I don’t think so, thanks.

Where are they? (In the barber’s)

What are the words that helped you guess? (cut, short, oil)

What are these people talking about?

a. Some oil b. The hair

c. The barber d. The hairdresser

4. A : When did this happen?

B : Yesterday, I was playing tennis and I fell down.

A : Can you move it at all?

B : Only a little.

A : Can you walk on it?

B : No, it hurt too much.

A : I think you’ll have to take an X-ray.

Where are they? (In the hospital)

What are the words that helped you guess? (fell down, hurt, take an X-ray)

What is the topic about?

a. Checking parts of body b. Playing tennis

c. Falling down d. Broken leg

5. A : Does this bus go to the Victory Monument?

B : No, you’ll have to get off at the bank and take the bus no. 201,

A : Can you tell me where to get off?

Where are they? (on the bus)

What are the words that helped you guess? (the bus No.201, get off)

What is the topic of the conversation?

a. Taking a long street

b. Change the bus

c. On the phone

d. The BTS

6. A : I’d like to book a flight to Sydney tomorrow.

B : I’ll have a look at the timetable for you.

A : I need an economy class, please.

B : BA Flight BA 9 M departs at 08.00.

A : When am I supposed to check in?

B : You must be at the airport before 07.00.

Where is A ? (on the phone)

What are the words that helped you guess? (book, tomorrow, check in)

What are these people talking about?

a. Sydney

b. At the airport

c. Economy class

d. Booking a flight

7. Husband : We want to rent a house.

Realtor : Do you have children?

Wife : Yes, we do. We have four children.

Realtor : How much space do you need?

Husband : We need three rooms.

Realtor : I have a house for you. It’s near my school. Do you want to see it?

Wife : Yes, we do.

Where are they ? At the Real Estate Agency.

What are the words that helped you guess? (rent a house, three rooms)

What is the topic of the conversation?

Renting a house
Three bedrooms
A house near the school
The room for four children

8. A : Do you think Mom and Dad will be late?

B : No. Air India is always on time..

A : But it’s raining so hard and the weather is even worse in New York.

B : Don’t worry. The air agent will tell us if they’re going to be late.

A : You’re right. Let’s go to have a cup of coffee while we wait.

Where are they ? (at the airport)

What are the words that helped you guess? (be late, Air India, the air agent)

What are these people talking about?

Air India b. The air agent

c. The bad weather d. The time is late.

9. A : When will you go to the bank?

B : I’ll go to the bank on Monday morning. Why?

A : I’m out for cash. I’ll need some money for the week.

B : O.K. I’ll cash a check for you. How much do you need?

A : I’ll need $50.

B : All right. I’ll try to remember.

Where is A going to? (the bank)

What are the words that helped you guess? (the bank, cash, money)

What are these people talking about?

The bank
Getting some money
Saving some money
Holiday on Monday

10. Lisa : May I go Bowing this evening, Dad?

Dad : Have you got any homework to do?

Lisa : Yes, but I can do it tomorrow.

Dad : No, it won’t.

Lisa : But all my friends are waiting me.

Dad : There’s no reason in arguing. The answer’s “No”.

Where are they? (at home)

What are the words that helped you guess? (May I go, homework)

What are they talking about?

a.Friends b. Go bowing

c. Homework d. Lisa and Dad

Topic Nouns คือ คำนามที่บรจุความคิดรวบยอดซึ่งเป็นประเด็นสำคัญของย่อหน้าหรือของเรื่อง เป็นหัวข้อที่มีลักษณะในการนำเสนอในรูปของคำนามเท่านั้น วิธีหา Topic Noun ที่ง่ายและใช้ระยะเวลาอันสั้น แม้ว่าเนื้อเรื่องนั้นจะมีความยาวเพียงใดก็ตาม นั่นคือการนับความถี่ของคำนามนั้นว่ากล่าวถึงบ่อยครั้งมาก คำนามที่มีความถี่สูงนี้นอกจากคำที่ใช้ซ้ำๆกันแล้ว เรายังต้องนับคำที่พูดอ้างถึงด้วย (reference) คำนามตัวนั้นจัดเป็นนามที่เป็น คำนามจุดแกนกลางของย่อหน้าหรือเรื่องนั้นคือ Topic noun นักเรียนลองศึกษาจากตัวอย่างก่อนค่ะ

Example

Not every kind of plants can grow everywhere. The growth of each plant requires different

quality of soil, climate, amount of sunlight or rain. Those grow in Chiang Rai will grow in Narathiwart and vice versa.

จะเห็นว่า Topic ของเรื่องนี้คือ plant ซึ่งในเรื่องนี้ได้กล่าวถึง 3 ครั้งคือ ประโยคที่ 1 , 2 และ those ซึ่งหมายถึง plant นั่นเอง เมื่ออ่านถึงตรงนี้แล้ว นักเรียนจะพบว่า Topic ไม่ยากอีกต่อไปแล้ว ในกรณีที่เนื้อเรื่องไม่มีคำถามใดที่กล่าวซ้ำกันบ่อยครั้งที่สุด เราจะมีวิธีหาอย่างไร คำตอบง่ายๆคือ ให้นักเรียนประมวลเรื่องราวทั้งหมดและสรุปประเด็นออกมาว่าคืออะไร ส่วนใหญ่แล้วเนื้อหาจะเป็นเชิงพรรณนาหรือเรื่องเล่า

ลักษณะที่ดีของ Topic นั้นต้องครอบคลุมเนื้อหารายละเอียดของเรื่อง เช่น เนื้อเรื่องกล่าวถึง

พัดลม, ตู้เย็น และให้รายละเอียดเกี่ยวข้องถึงเตารีดอีก ดังนั้น Topic ของเรื่องนี้ก็คือ เครื่องใช้ไฟฟ้า

ลักษณะคำถามที่เกี่ยวกับหัวเรื่อง (Topic)

- The topic of this passage is ……………

- The topic discusses in this passage is…………

- The topic under discussion in this passage is…………

- What is the main topic of the passage?

- With whai topic is the passage mainly concerned?

Exercise 4

Read carefully each paragraph and identify the topic by circling the answer of your choice.

(จงหาหัวข้อ Topic จากบทอ่านข้างล่างนี้)

1. Animals produce a wide variety of sounds. Birds whistle, porpoises click, wolves howl, and gorillas produce a drum like sound as they beat their chests. The list is almost endless.

The best topic of the paragraph is ........................................

a. Sounds b. Animals

c. Howls and Clicks d. Animal Sounds

2. If you have a favorite color, it may be a clue to your persoality. Psychologists, who have

done much research with color preferences found that people who prefer red clothes were often

talented, flashy and temperamental Those who selected yellow were found to be warm, open and

secure. Strong-willed people favor white, and reasonably friendly people dress predominantly in

hues of green.

The best topic of the paragraph is ........................................

a. Hues of green b.Color

c. Color and Personality d. Red Clothes

3. Electricity is a servant for modern man. It provides power to do a lot of work for him. It

heats homes and stores. It cools buildings by running air conditioners. Electricity can also be

very dangerous to man. Lightening, a from electricity, has started many fires and struck many people. Other injuries and deaths have come from electricity in the home. Electricity is helpful

but dangerous, too.

The best topic of the paragraph is ........................................

Servant
Buildings
Electricity

d. Modern man

4. Egypt is in Africa . It’s very big and the population is about 50 million. The climate is warm and dry in the summer. The main geographical features are a large desert, the River Nile and the fertail delta at the mouth of the river. The country is famous for its ancient history for the pyramids, and for the Suez Canal. The capital is Cairo, in the northeast.

The topic is ………………………

a. Egypt b. The river Nile

c. The river Nile d. Cairo

5.It is not only vampires that drink blood. Many people in the world drink the blood of animals

or use it in recipes. Blood sausages is one example. Also, a Chinese drink known as ‘chicken essence’ is simply chicken’s blood . The Polish have a soup recipe that called duck blood.

Though the idea is eating and drinking blood may sound unappealing too many people,blood is actually very good for you. Two thousand years ago, hunters in Northern Europe drank blood regularly. It provides the man with vitamin C that their bodies needed.

Topic of the paragraph is : ………………….

a. Duck blood b. Chicken’s blood

c. Blood of animals d. Chicken essence

6.The American people are hardworking and tough. But underneath that toughness, they are

charitable. They are always ready to help their fellowman, near and far. This is the reason why

so many come to this land called the United States of America. They, too,want to be called

“Americans”

The best title of the paragraph is ........................................

a. The United States of America b. Hardworking People

c. Tough People d. The Americans

7. The sea is very deep in some places. Sometimes it is less deep. Some parts of the sea are very

shallow. But in some places it is very deep. There is one spot near Japan, where the sea is 9

kilometers deep! The highest mountain in the world is about 9 kilometers high. If that mountain

were put into the sea at that place, there would be 2 kilometers of water about it.

The best title of the paragraph is ........................................

a. The mountain b. The sea

c. The highest muontain d. Japan

8. The first American to reach California came by water to engage in the fur trade along the

coast. Later interest turned to whaling and the trade in hides and tallow. While some of these men

stayed in California, their numbers were few. They didn’t cause the Mexican officials much worry.

The best title of the paragraph is ........................................

Early California Officials
Whaling off the California Coast
The First American in California
The Early Fur Traders of Califonia

9. Education is one of the basic needs of life. We need education to earn our livings. We need

it to live happily in the society under the same laws. Without education it is difficult to understand

other people.

The best title of the paragraph is ........................................

a. Life and education

b.The basic education

c. The necessity of education

d. Good education, good job

10. Almost all universities have nicknames. Usually these nicknames are linked to sports teams.

Some of the names are of colors. Two of these are Big Red and the Green Wave.Other nicknames

are of natural diasters. Example is the Cyclones. The animal kingdom, however, has provided the

most nicknames.

The best title of the paragraph is ........................................

a. Sports teams

b. University nicknames

c. The Big Red and The Green Wave

d. The Hurricane and the Cyclones

(ยังมีต่อ........................)

เขียนใน GotoKnow โดย นางปริศนา ธรรมมะธะโร
ใน เวทีความคิด พิชิตความเขลา

คำสำคัญ (Tags): #กลุ่มสาระการเรียนรู้ภาษาต่างประเทศ#โรงเรียนประจวบวิทยาลัย

หมายเลขบันทึก: 320315เขียนเมื่อ 14 ธันวาคม 2009 22:13 น. ()แก้ไขเมื่อ 22 มิถุนายน 2012 15:09 น. ()สัญญาอนุญาต: ครีเอทีฟคอมมอนส์แบบ แสดงที่มา-ไม่ใช้เพื่อการค้า-อนุญาตแบบเดียวกันจำนวนที่อ่าน