..ว่าด้วย.. ข้อค้นพบในงานวิจัย ที่ 3 (ตอนที่ 2)

การดำเนินการของรัฐภาคี ในการเคารพ คุ้มครอง และส่งเสริม สิทธิในสุขภาพ ในฐานะรัฐภาคีภายใต้กติกาและอนุสัญญาระหว่างประเทศ

1.      กติการะหว่างประเทศว่าด้วยสิทธิเศรษฐกิจ สังคม และวัฒนธรรม (International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights)

 

การดำเนินการของรัฐภาคี	สิทธิที่ปรากฏในรายงานประเทศ	ผู้ทรงสิทธิที่ปรากฏในรายงานประเทศ
ประเทศอังกฤษ
-          The United Kingdom's National Health Service (NHS) provides a comprehensive health service to improve the physical and mental health of the population, through the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of illness. The NHS provides health services, free at the point of delivery, to all persons legally resident in the United Kingdom. It provides three types of care: primary care, secondary care and tertiary care.[1]	-          Health service	-          all persons legally resident in the United Kingdom
ประเทศฝรั่งเศส
-          The Preamble to the 1946 Constitution, referred to by the 1958 Constitution, states that “the Nation shall guarantee to all, notably children, mothers and aged workers, health care…" The following two principles are at the heart of the French health care system.[2]	-          Health care	-          All -          Children -          Mothers -          Aged workers
ประเทศฟิลิปปินส์
-          The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines ensures the right to health of every Filipino and enunciates the State’s resolve to see to it that this right is exercised and enjoyed by all with priority for the needs of the underprivileged, sick, elderly, women and children.[3]	-          The right to health	-          Every Filipino
ประเทศเม็กซิโก
-          The political will of the Mexican Government is committed to Mexico's boys and girls. -          In terms of formal access to medical care in public institutions, there are two groups of users: those affiliated to the social security system (about 45 million) and those who are not insured in this way (about 35 million).[4]	-          Access to medical care	-          Mexico’s boys and girls
ประเทศญี่ปุ่น
-          Refer to article 9 in the present report regarding the outline of the medical care insurance system. Every citizen receives benefits from one of these medical care insurance schemes. In this section, public medical care, which is another major medical care security system in Japan, is outlined.[5]	-          Medical care	-          Every citizen
ประเทศจีน
-          China places great emphasis on the development of medical and health facilities. Article 21 of the Constitution states that:   “The State develops medical and health services, promotes modern medicine and traditional Chinese medicine, encourages and supports the setting up of various medical and health facilities by the rural economic collectives, State enterprises and institutions and neighbourhood organizations, and promotes health and sanitation activities of a mass character, all to protect the people’s health.”   Article 45 states that “Citizens of the People’s Republic of China have the right to material assistance from the State and society when they are old, ill or disabled. The State develops the social insurance, social relief and medical and health services that are required for citizens to enjoy this right.”[6]	-          Medical and Health Service -          The right to material assistance	-          Citizens

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[1] 2001, “Fourth periodic reports submitted by State parties under articles 16 and 17 of the Covenant, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITIAN AND NORTHERN IRELAND: CROWN DEPENDENCIES (ISLE OF MAN, BAILIWICK OF GUERNSEY AND STATES OF JERSEY)”, Implementation of the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, Economic and Social Council, United Nations.

[2] 2000, “Second periodic reports submitted by State parties under articles 16 and 17 of the Covenant, FRANCE”, Implementation of the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, Economic and Social Council, United Nations.

[3] 2007, “Periodic reports submitted by State parties under articles 16 and 17 of the Covenant (combined second, third and fourth periodic report), THE PHILIPPINES”, Implementation of the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, Economic and Social Council, United Nations.

[4] 1998, “Third periodic reports submitted by State parties under articles 16 and 17 of the Covenant in accordance with the programmes established by Economic and Social Council resolution 1988/4, MEXICO”, Implementation of the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, Economic and Social Council, United Nations.

[5] 1998, “Second periodic reports submitted by State parties under articles 16 and 17 of the Covenant in accordance with the programmes established by Economic and Social Council resolution 1988/4, JAPAN”, Implementation of the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, Economic and Social Council, United Nations.

[6] 2004, “Initial reports submitted by State parties under articles 16 and 17 of the Covenant, PEOPLE’S REPLUBIC OF CHINA”, Implementation of the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, Economic and Social Council, United Nations.