Creative Cultural : Batik dyeing minerals from Red Soil Ao Luek Printed Stamping and creating a new value for the community Product of Baan Tham Sua, Ao Luek District, Krabi Province
Creative Cultural : Batik dyeing minerals from Red Soil Ao Luek Printed Stamping and creating a new value for the community Product of Baan Tham Sua, Ao Luek District, Krabi Province
DR.Theerakan Pokaew
Department of Community Development Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Phuket Rajabhat University,
e-Mail: [email protected]
Abstract
This research is a qualitative research that studies about the batik dye type from the red soil Ow Luek series. In terms of creating new patterns for community products And to transfer the technique of stamping the batik pattern printing of Baan Tham Sua community, Ao Luek district, Krabi province The sample group of 42 students consisted of 5 community leaders, 7 practitioners and 30 interested persons. The tools used include participant observation forms, group meeting interviews. And workshop on transferring technology of stamping, printing, batik pattern The results of the study showed that the community learned about the design of new patterns, which is the extension of the original pattern, which is the pattern of Mr.Ow-luek to the new pattern as “Human family” Tham Sua family of 4 forms And learned to practice pumping, printing new patterns in 3 forms, namely “Mr.Ow-Luek” preserving the original value Caveman pattern mixed with basic patterns Mixed geometric patterns, flower patterns, fruit patterns, animal patterns, creating new things, mixing with the original things to get a simple but beautiful style and format 3 is creating new value in an innovative way as printing the “Human family” Tham Sua pattern When learning to type in all 3 types, there will be learning to dye natural colors, types of minerals from the red soil Ao Luek series that coordinate colors with a wolf tail palm. Will make the color come out in orange-red tone as the unique color.
Keywords: Creative Cultural, Batik dyeing minerals, Red Soil Ao Luek, Printed Stamping, community Product
Introduction
Creative economy Is a way of developing the country in the next decade that is recognized by countries around the world as an important mechanism for driving the economy Thailand has developed a concrete economic promotion strategy in the 11th National Economic and Social Development Plan (2012-2016) by defining a strategy to adjust the economic structure to grow with quality and sustainability which gives importance to the economic structure by using science, technology, innovation, creativity As well as local wisdom to drive quality and sustainable development Focus on creating added value for various branches Based on innovation and creativity As well as development creative cities Development of the manufacturing and service sectors of Thailand to be strong And stable on a creative knowledge base To raise and enhance the competitiveness of civil society, community and local entrepreneurs in bringing local resources With diversity, identity , identity and local culture combined with technology to extend products And services that can meet the needs of both domestic and international markets (Kritsada Tunsakul. 2013 :4-5)
Creative economy development must focus on local wisdom. With the extension of wisdom Create more value for local intelligence Because local wisdom is a unique identity that indicates a philosophy, a way of life, a way of thinking, a practice that is learning And transmitted from generation to generation (Jumnong Rakpinit. 2009 : 3 ) Wisdom in the story Batik Arts and Crafts lt is one thing that has received a lot of attention. For communities in the southern region The career of batik handicrafts from synthetic colors is therefore one of many professions that have been supported in many communities. Causing batik to be known to the general public And is a community product that has been well received by consumers After the batik grew, it caused a lot of new entrepreneurs. Products are not very different.Causing competition and fierce fighting Until the price war arose ( Saowanit Kanjanarat and Nuanchawee Sangchai. 2009 : 1 ) Making a difference is the best way out. As a marketing strategy in the blue sea That promotes cost reduction And make a difference at the same time, which will create valuable innovations in community product development (Paradee Choochinprakran. 2007 : 29-31 ) Therefore, community batik manufacturers should choose appropriate strategies. And know how to develop their products to be low cost But still maintain the good quality of the product together At the same time, must make a difference, create new jobs to happen Which will make it possible to compete in the competitive market situation, especially in the price of the same product At present, customers are interested in environmentally friendly products. And health-friendly products Because people are becoming more interested in health in order to aim for good health And longevity Therefore consistent with the concept of the Department of Pollution, which said that communities should develop products that are environmentally friendly Which is the use of natural resources that exist within the community itself as a production base And develop together with good environmental management To benefit the community business And can affect the reduction of production costs (Pollution Control Department. 2008 )
In this decade, the current trend of environmental awareness is growing and is likely to remain in the market for a long time Due to the problem of the indication of danger from synthetic colors Danger from the production of certain products that use chemical dyes Which results in health hazards there are toxins called carcinogens. Until some countries have to issue laws to control Anti-chemical flow Causing the current to return to the interest in using more natural colors Many sectors began to help turn the community back to use natural dyes. Is an ancient dyeing technique that will help to recover By using modern technology to help make the product attractive And more modern That is because of the natural color properties. Is an environmentally friendly color Most colors cool colors, not flashy colors, look cool than synthetic colors (Anunsawek Huangsungjaroen. 2000 :2-4 )
Krabi province is an area thet is characterized by natural resources that are conducive to the Development of natural batik handicrafts. Especially Red Soil Ao Luek set Is a set of ancient red clay That is suitable for dyeing fabrics of minerals The researcher has followed the batik production area In Krabi province. In Ao Luek district since 2016, community tourism community enterprise group, Ao Luek District Is a group that is creative in leading tourism management in the Andaman area But the Community faces problems in the development of community products that are unique. Both in design, Pattern and color The community is therefore ready to develop, learn new techniques and innovations. In the development of natural colored batik handicrafts And the important thing that the group wants to Continue is to be a good model in product development Is a learning resource for transferring technology And preserving the champion of the community, the model of tourism management, communities that Protect the environment of Krabi Province therefore ready to cooperate in the development of natural Batik dyes of mineral type And the simulation of fabric patterns from cave walls in Ao Luek district to Create a natural batik prototype with an ancient pattern that is ldentity new unique.
The researcher hoped that the batik dyed mineral clay, the deep-sea bay set, which Coordinated the color of the wolf tail palm, printed the community identity pattern from ancient Paintings. Of Baan Tham Sua Community, Ao Luek District, Krabi Province Will be a good model Towards education, learning Transfer and co-develop community is a good starting point Help create a New color for natural dyeing batik in the Andaman area. And create a new pattern which is the medium That will be used as a symbolic media to create works of culture, create handicrafts, work with the Community it is a good cultural heritage with the extension of thai wisdom by using the innovation Development process with the community. By resurrecting the batik wisdom from natural color minerals In ancient froms Bring back to the development of a new innovation, batik, natural color, natural mineral Type to create a batik pattern with a unique pattern Modern, beautiful, artistic development And Community batik handicrafts Under the creativity of Thai people
Method
3.1 Research methods
This research is a qualitative research that participates with the community Which has the Following research methodology
3.1.1 Population and sample group
1 Population is people in the area of Baan Tham Sua, Ao Luek District, krabi Province
2 sample groups of 42 people
2.1 The leader group of 5 people, consisting of the headman, the headman’s assistant Community tourism leader Manager Rai Preeda Resort And school in the educational communal community
2.2 The practice groups 7 people
2.3 The general group of 30 people
3.1.2 Research tools
Qualitative research tools for collecting information on research, creative culture, batik, dyeing, Printing from red soil Ao Luek series, with the following tools
3.1.2.1 The survey is that the researcher uses the technique and the survey process to collect General details. Together with community leaders The researcher surveyed the general context of Baan Tham Sua community area, Ao Luek district, Krabi province. Especially in the ancient paintings And Explore the deep-sea bay set in the area
3.1.2.2 Observation is that the researcher has used participatory observation techniques and Processes, which are observations in which participants observe the natural dyeing process from red soil Ao Luek with the community. Which the community has invented new innovations, the color Coordination from the palm tall, the wolf and the red clay, gives the color beautiful And durable
3.1.2.3 Formal interview By structured interviews Information is provided for the interviewer. From The study of relevant documents and research from those who know directly Which the researcher is Collecting data by himself By defining the issues in data storage as follows Designing patterns is Collecting data by himself By defining the issues in data storage as follows Designing patterns to create a pump block printed on a fabric that is unique to the community. Of Baan Tham Sua Community, Ao Luek District, Krabi Province And stamping the batik pattern printing of Baan Tham Sua community, Ao Luek district, Krabi province And guidelines for the development of dyed batik, printed from the red soil Ao Luek if there are any issues that are not complete additional data will be collected using Unstructured interviews are not prepared before. But it is a question to complete the issue
3.1.2.4 Focus Group Leaders group meeting And practitioners For leaders, the group will focus on Meeting about the history of Batik group establishment. Guidelines for development of printed Patterned batik products of Ban Tham Sua community And the group of practitioners will focus on Meeting on the technicts process in production And guidelines for the development of printed patterned Batik products of Baan Tham Sua community, Ao Luek district, Krabi province
3.1.2.5 Workshop Hold a meeting to exchange the technology for the development of dyed batik Prints. For members within the community for 2 days. It is a transfer of technology to design the print Pump And batik printing practice Baan Tham Sua community, Ao Luek district, Krabi province
3.4 Data collection methods
Data is collected from primary data and secondary data. By using research tools consisting of Observation survey, group interview And workshops to transfer technology as follows
3.4.1 Study secondary data by collecting data text, number, publication from documents in the Village of target group and official data Whether the area, the general context, the community map, As well as the research of documents And related research Domestic research Saowanit Kanchanarat And Nuan Chawee Saengchai. (2009; 70-71) Research on the research and development of naturat Dyeing batik products in the community Case study of Namboti Baan Kho District Phrom Khiri District Nakhon Sri Thammarat The results of the research showed that the pattern of natural batik fabric Products of Baan Kao community is unique in color from mangosteen leaves and betel nut. Which gives A brownish orange color and burnt color respectively patterned pattern from the characteristics of leaves, flowers, fish in the local area Arranged in the from of modern art Is writing the pattern like Real But the shape has been cut to make it easier to see called as semi-abstract the color identity Occurs because each region has different minerals in the soil. Making the same plant but growing in Different areas when the plant is extracted the color will be different. In the pattern of sophon Supavirikron. (2009 : 90-98) Research on batik pattern pattern in the Andaman province group the Results showed that the model and the pattern of batik in Phuket, phang nga, krabi. The most common Patterns include crabs, fish, shrimp, shell, turtles, coral, Floral patterns include roses, frangipani, Bougainvillea, Champa and Sri Trang
Research abroad Hiscock Meghan (2011) The Mali tribe, modernity and globalization, began to Affect the cotton production of the tribe, especially in southern Mali in the north that is cooler than using Wool than usual woven fabric named finimuku that was sewn together to help make the fabric larger Than bring the cloth to soak in the dyeing water from the leaves of Jane Gala and Gaillama. The unique Name of the local plant and when the fabric is exposed to the sun for 1 day, the dyed plants will darken The fabric then prepare the mud water for dyeing. When the fabric is dyed from the plant to be dyed With mud, it will get a dark brown color the dye will be dyed both in pieces and a complete set of Shirts or a beautifuk skirt the dyeung of the finished gown will require about 2 liters of dye. The traditional bokolan prototype will stretch the fabric on the gourd ball and paint it with wood. To get a beautiful dark color The painter must use two layers of mud dyeing. And then immersed in a boiled plant To ensure that the color permeates the fabric fully And deep into the fabric It is the most intense color scheme. The black mud used in this process will be collected in April. Brought to ferment for one year in a clay pot where the color of the mud begins to change from gray to dark gray The principles of Bokolan Often used to paint with brushes And is popular method Because the dyes that are extracted will be rich in the replacement of the baraku plant that has fallen and decayed in the pond or dropped along the lake that has been collected for coloring
3.4.2 Primary data Means data that the researcher collects data from field studies using research tools to collect data as follows
3.4.2.1 Survey The researcher uses a survey machine from community leaders to obtain information about the history of the community. Map and location of the community population, geography, weather conditions in accordance with the issues Exploring the Red Soil Ao Luek set will begin to explore the area of Khao Yai, Ao Luek district. Covering a long area to the province of Krabi In the area of Khao Yai, they will find Red Soil mountain, Red Soil Pig Blood Colure, Pink Soil Yellow Soil and White Soil the area of Khao Yai Is an area with a variety of soil colors But in this research, study specific research at Red Soil Ao Luek series Is a red clay with dark red color Because the route from the road from Khao Yai to Amphoe Mueang Krabi will find Din Daeng alog the route In Ban Tham Sua community In the community area will find a iot of Red Soil Ao Luek. And in the mangrove forests, gray clay will be found in this researcher chose to red clay around the public pond of the village.
3.4.2.2 Participatory observation The researcher used direct observation. It is an observation that the observer is exposed to directly by the incident. By observing the practitioners in the preparation of mineral dyed fabric production equipment from the deep-sea bay soil series mixed with wolf tail palm shell Stamping, printing, pattern With a group of practitioners until they understand the process of producing batik prints and Can use those data to analyze the results according to phenomenon that the researcher noticed from the talk While participating in activities Both in the problem of the original dye, only the color is quite soft Therefore adapted to dyeing the mixture of color from fox tail palm And results from development With corrections until successful Is satisfactory And the process of producing printed batik fabric The researcher participated in learning the production of printed batik fabric from Red Soil Ao Luek dress. In order to obtain production equipment information Designing patterns and dyeing techniques to be beautiful The process of producing printed batiks of Baan Tham Sua community group in accordance with the issues studied.
3.4.2.3 Interviewing is a method of collecting information that the researcher uses to discuss with the respondents, consisting of intervws with 7 practitioners in a manner that interacts with each other to delve into issues That the researcher is interested in There are ways to interview individually. Then bring the results to confirm each group again. To obtain information and answers according to the objectives For leader group, study the guidelines for the development of batik, dye, print, pattern, batik group, Batik community, Tham Sua community, Ao Luek district Krabi The researcher used the formal interview form. In this study, to get the most information And in the part of the practitioner will interview about the production process And the development of batik pattern in both the old style from ancient paintings And new creative styles that require additional development For informal interviews, an unstructured interview is an interview in which the researcher does not define the structure and questions that will be used in the interview in advance, but will rely on asking specific questions with the informant instead of talking. Ask community context, environment Mudtika Batik Group interviewed community leaders, members of the practice group How to develop the batik pattern to be a good product in the community. The researcher uses the interview form. Tape recorder And camera photography.
3.1.2.4 Collection form group meetings Will be a group of 7 practitioners who spend 1 hour in the meeting. And guidelines for the development of printed patterned batik products of Baan Tham Sua community, Ao Luek district Krabi Province.
3.1.2.5 Workshop Hold a meeting to exchange the technology for development of dyed batik prints. For members within the community for 2 days. It is a transfer of technology to design the print pump. And batik printing practice, Tiger Cave House, Ao Luek District, Krabi Province Science by Mr.Eksan Angkanwan and Mrs. Wanna Angkanwan form Eksan Network Companr. Focus on creating knowledge and understanding in the design of patterns to create a pump block printed on the fabric that is unique to the community. Of Baan Tham Sun Community, Ao Luek District, Krabi Province And transfer the technique of stamping the batik pattern printing of Ban Tham Sua community, Ao Luek district, Krabi province.
3.5 Data analysis method
In this study, the researchers used data from survey, observations and interviews. As well as studying the general context of the village to analyze content By using the research concept framework that is relatd to the development of mineral dyed batiks from the Red Soil Ao Luek serier, printed to be a community product to obtain relevant and clear information Organize content according to the category of continuously from the data collected by linking various issues into the same subject. Compare each other according to various issues that need to be studied as follows. After that, print and make a picture of the research paper according to the research report writing format according to the format of Phuket Rajabhat University.
Results and discussion results
Baan Tham Sua Community group performance has been regarded as a tourism community by using development innovation. Community Develop in the 5 S To community innovation. With good products that are innovative ideas of the community is high quality batik. Most communities receive side effects in the form of long tails. Batik fabric from red soil, Ao Luek has a dark color. MOR beautiful from the original research in the early stages, batik cloth form the soil would have a rather soft color, Then the group changed the product name to be modern. And more meaningful From the original Batik group, printed in Baan Tham Sua From Meeting together, resulting in the new product name being “Mud-Tika Batik” Batik from red soil Baan Tham Sua Community, Krabi Province
Figure 1 : Mudtika Batik Baan Tham Sua Community, Krabi Province
for the workshop to transfer the printing technology And dyeing the mineral type from the red soil series, Ao Luek, the lecturer is Ajarn Aksan Angkranwan and Khun Wanna Angkranwan, the day that he sacrificed his time to transfer knowledge to the community. This research has developed the old pattern from the pattern from the history. Is a pattern from an ancient cave wall that the community received to deliver the original brass pump block from a nearby community Has been used for a long time The researcher has designed a new pattern. Which has studied the history and then designed the pattern to be consistent with the original pattern, which is the goddess who guarded the cave With a chamois head Patterned pattern But with the addition of life Like the creation of a caveman raised. Is a caveman family, a community that likes and is excited by the striped print pump series that is cute, modern, looks lifelike. Pump blocks, printed patterns are separated by sex. If the male caveman blocks, will not wear earrings The female will wear earrings. If a caveman, a teenager in the cheek area will write a circle. If it is a caveman that is older, the cheek will be two dashes. In addition, speakers Also brought candles to the community. Experimenting with new technology in the printing of printed fabrics that have been designed to look beautiful, attractive to those who are interested. Floral printing and paper patterning to print fabric patterns will make the fabric have a slight patterning. If you look good, it will look like an elephant patterned paper. The lecturer and the members look to be another beautiful art, therefore called "fabric dyeing, human cave pattern, elephant leather floor" which will be beautiful. exclusive With the dimension of the art of dyeing And will not be a smooth color.
Development of batik, dyeing, stamping, printing unique patterns In dyeing and printing the 1st pattern is a development The pattern from the original was Mr.Ow Luek, more about the dyeing of the red soil series, Ao Luek, mixed with wolf tail palm.
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Figure 2 : Set 1 pump, Mr.Ow Luk series and Set 2 basic with the printing of the pattern
Experiment with the printing of the Set 1 pump, Mr.Ow Luk series and Set 2 basic with the printing of the pattern
1. Representative of the community, experimenting with printing of the deity pattern, watching the cave with pineapple pattern.
2. Foreign tourists include learning And admire the work of Mr. Ow-Luek.
3. The Members of the community are drying the patterned dance doll with rose patten.
4. Bring MR. Ow-Luek is printed products to dye form the red soil series, Ao Luek, mixed with wolf tail palm.
- 1. The father nam is Mr.Thoranin
- 2. The mother name is Mrs.Phatapeepan
- 3. Daughter name is Mudtika
- 4. Son name is I-Sawan
Figure 3 : Pumping, Printed Pattern in “Human family” Tham Sua.
- 1. The father name is Mr.Thoranin
- 2. The mother name is Mrs.Phatapeepan
- 3. Daughter name is Mud-tika
- 4. Son name is I-Sawan
1. The members of the experimental group pumping the heavenly stripes into the cotton febric
2. Experiment with the printing of Mudtika
3. Try pumping the printed shirt to allow mud with the printing of I-Sawan
4. After the pumping printed , the members brought the fabric to dye the red soil Ow-Luek
coordinate with the wolf tail plam.
Figure 5 : The Printed fabric is then dyed in the prepared mineral dyes. The fabric with Rail system.
Figure 6 : Mineral dyed fabric, Red soil Ow-Luek set, I-Sawan pattern print
Batik dyeing minerals from Red Soil Ao Luek Printed Stamping and creating a new value for the community Product of Baan Tham Sua, Ao Luek District, Krabi Province.
Is a development that focuses on bringing soil resources Which is classified as natural color, mineral type Especially the Ao Luek soil series that has a lot in the area Come to coordinate the color with the tail palm of the wolf that is decorated in the tourist path within the community In addition, the community is also interested in bringing local plants to develop, blending with the color from the soil to obtain more diverse colors. In accordance with the research of Saowanit Kanchanarat and Nuan Chawee Saengchai. (2009: 70-71) Research on the research and development of natural dyeing batik products in the community Case study of Namboti Baan Kao District Phrom Khiri District Nakhon Sri Thammarat The results of the research showed that the pattern of natural batik fabric products of Baan Kao community is unique in color from mangosteen leaves and betel nut. Which gives a brownish orange color And burnt color respectively Patterned pattern from the characteristics of leaves, flowers, fish in the local area Arranged in the form of modern art Is not writing the pattern like real But the shape has been cut to make it easier to see Called as semi-abstract The color identity occurs because each region has different minerals in the soil and Not accordance with the research of Hiscock Meghan (2011) The Mali tribe The traditional Bokolan prototype will stretch the fabric on the gourd ball and paint it with wood. To get a beautiful dark color The painter must use two layers of mud dyeing. And then immersed in a boiled plant To ensure that the color permeates the fabric fully And deep into the fabric It is the most intense color scheme. The black mud used in this process will be collected in April. Brought to ferment for one year in a clay pot where the color of the mud begins to change from gray to dark gray the research of the Tiger Cave has brought the soil to dye the fabric, similar to the Mali people, but will be different in the dyeing process. Due to the research of Ban Tham Sua community, the red clay is boiled. Leave it overnight for about 1 day and then dye it. The dyed color will give a reddish orange color. Has not yet been used to ferment the soil in the dyeing process in the form of Bokolan.
Summary
In this research, the development of batik type batik pump by using natural dyeing technique, mineral type will set the Din Daeng Ao Luek series. Is an ancient soil series of Krabi Province Creating a new product line that is environmentally conscious handicraft Due to the Ban Tham Sua community is an environmental model community of Krabi province. This type of stamping technique uses stamping printing on the water table. Flick the candle out on the side. Is a Malaysian technique For patterns that are developed will be divided into 3 Sets. Set 1 Mr. Ao Luek set Is the restoration of the ancient cave wall pattern With various patterns of caveman patterns Regardless of Mr. Ao Luek, the goddess of the cave, the doll playing the red palm pattern, pumping it to print and dyeing it with the deep red clay, which is co-ordinated by the wolf tail palm. Mixed with the basic pattern is the introduction of ancient caveman patterns to print the pattern Mixed geometric pattern, floral pattern and fruit pattern and Set 3 “Human family” Tham Sua that is a creative cultural work Newly created from studying the history of science Unique pattern from the cave wall Which has 4 types, out in pattern, parents, daughter and son. There are additional patterns from the original to life. By filling him with a sign indicating that he is a chamois, filling the eyes, nose, mouth, cheeks and filling the dress to the full as “Human family” Tham Sua pattern But due to the production of the brass pump, there is only half the printing of the pump Therefore, it is not possible to print the pattern of the “Human family” Tham Sua full. The patterns that are printed are quite sharp and beautiful.
Acknowledgment
The researcher wishes to thank the branch of community development. Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Phuket Rajabhat University Research and Development Institute Phuket Rajabhat University And the National Research Council that supports research grants Encourage the research of Creative cultural : Batik dyeing minerals from soil Ao Luek Printed stamping and Creating a new value for community Product of Baan Tham Sua community, Krabi province, which is an environmental model community.
Rresulting in community innovation Including the continuation of Batik handicraft communities in the Andaman area And thank you to Walailak University Especially Phusaa-ASEAN garment Which allows researchers to present research results to the public at this international conference.
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Full paper Form
The 5thNational and International Conference on Weaving ASEAN Cultural Connection
“ASEAN Fabrics : Changes, Adaptation, and Creativity”
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