2022-04-02 ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set – F – force & forcible & forceful

Revision F

2022-04-02

ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set – F – force & forcible & forceful

แนะนำการใช้ ตามที่ส่วนใหญ่ใช้ แต่ละท้องถิ่น 

ความหมาย อาจผันแปร ตาม ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค

 

Dictionary.com:

ออกเสียง force = “FAWRS”

ออกเสียง forcible = “FAWR-suh-buhl” 

ออกเสียง forceful = “FAWRS-fuhl” or “FOHRS-fuhl”

ออกเสียง forcibility = “fawr-suh-BIL-i-tee”

 

Dictionary of Problem Words and Expressions:

forcible & forceful

These words are closely related in meaning

but should be distinguished in usage.

Forcible applies to that which is accomplished by force or violence:

         “The firemen made a forcible entry into the burning building.”

Forceful applies to that which is effective or notable because of force:

         “You have a forceful personality.”

         “The attorney made a forceful plea for his client.”

 

Dictionary.com:

force

HISTORICAL USAGE OF FORCE

Force has a straightforward, uncomplicated history: 

the word comes via Old French force from fortia, 

an unattested Vulgar Latin feminine singular noun from Latin fortia, 

a neuter plural adjective used as a noun, and derived from 

the adjective fortis “strong, robust, brave.” 

Nouns and adjectives that were originally neuter in Latin 

usually become masculine in Romance

(languages descended from Latin): corpus “body,” 

neuter in Latin, becomes corps in French, corpo in Italian, 

and cuerpo in Spanish, all masculine nouns. 

The notable exception is that many Latin neuter plural adjectives

and participles ending in -ia 

become feminine singular nouns in Romance 

because these neuter plurals end in -a, which looks like 

the singular of Latin feminine nouns of the first declension, 

especially if the new noun has an abstract or collective meaning.

 

 So appārentia, the neuter plural of Latin appārēns “apparent,” 

will become apparence in French, apparenza in Italian, 

apariencia in Spanish, aparança in Catalan, and aparenţă in Romanian; 

and fortia will become force in French, forza in Italian, 

fuerza in Spanish, força in Catalan, and forţă in Romanian.

 

Merriam-Webster Dictionary:

Choose the Right Synonym for force

Noun

Power, Force, Energy, Strength, Might 

mean the ability to exert effort.

 Power may imply latent or exerted physical, mental, 

or spiritual ability to act or be acted upon.  

                the awesome power of flowing water

Force implies the actual effective exercise of power.  

                 used enough force to push the door open

Energy applies to power expended or capable of being 

transformed into work.  

                a worker with boundless energy 

Strength applies to the quality or property of a person or thing 

that makes possible the exertion of force or the withstanding

of strain, pressure, or attack.  

                use weight training to build your strength

Might implies great or overwhelming power or strength.  

                the belief that might makes right 

Verb

Force, Compel, Coerce, Constrain, Oblige 

mean to make someone or something yield.

Force is the general term and implies the overcoming of resistance 

by the exertion of strength, power, or duress.  

                forced to flee for their lives

Compel typically suggests overcoming of resistance or unwillingness 

by an irresistible force.  

                 compelled to admit my mistake

Coerce suggests overcoming resistance or unwillingness 

by actual or threatened violence or pressure.  

                   coerced into signing over the rights

Constrain suggests the effect of a force or circumstance

that limits freedom of action or choice.  

                    constrained by conscience

Oblige implies the constraint of necessity, law, or duty.  

                     felt obliged to go 

 

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language:

force

Did You Know? 

The verb force might make you think of 

pushing really hard on a stuck door 

or of banging the bottom of a stubborn ketchup bottle. 

The scientific meaning of the noun force 

also involves getting an object to move. 

 

In the mid-1600s, the great English physicist 

Isaac Newton figured out that 

the amount of force needed to move an object 

was directly related to 

both the mass of the object and how it is accelerated. 

(Pushing a pebble clearly takes less force than pushing a boulder, 

and pushing a boulder quickly obviously 

takes more force than pushing it slowly.) 

 

What is now known as Newton's second law of motion 

sets down this relationship quantitatively: 

Force equals mass times acceleration, 

or F = ma. 

You see this equation in action every time you step on a scale. 

Your weight is actually the downward force 

that results from your body mass being pulled

—accelerated—by gravity. 

 

Remember that acceleration here means 

a change in direction or in speed, either faster or slower. 

 

A boat that bumps a dock comes momentarily to a standstill. 

That rapid decrease in speed 

multiplied by the mass of the boat 

is the force with which the boat hits the dock.