2022-03-02
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set – E - envelop & envelope
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Dictionary.com:
ออกเสียง envelop – verb = ”en-VEL-uhp” – noun = “EN-vuh-luhp”
ออกเสียง envelope – noun = “AHN-vuh-lohp”
Dictionary of Problem Words and Expressions:
envelop & envelope
The first of these words, a verb meaning
“to encase, enclose, or surround,”
is pronounced “en-VEL-uhp”
The nounenvelope, meaning
“something that envelops,”
“an enclosing wrapping,”
is pronounced “EN-vuh-lohp”
or “ON-vuh-lohp” or “AHN-vuh-lohp”
“Cloud will soon envelop the mountaintop.”
“Put a stamp on the envelope before mailing it.”
Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
Usage Notes
A Commonly Confused Words
envelop vs. envelope
Envelop is a verb that means
"to completely enclose or surround someone or something,"
as in "she enveloped the baby in the blanket"
and "mist enveloping the mountains."
Envelope is a noun that refers to an enclosing cover for a letter, card, etc.
The word is also used in the phrase "push the envelope,"
which means "to go beyond the usual or normal limits
by doing something new, dangerous, etc.,"
as in "a writer whose new novel pushes the envelope."
Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
How do you pronounce envelope?: Usage Guide
The \ˈen-\ and \ˈän-\ pronunciations
are used with about equal frequency, and both are fully acceptable,
though the \ˈän-\ version is sometimes decried as "pseudo-French."
Actually \ˈän-\ is exactly what one would expect to hear
when a French word like entrepreneur is becoming anglicized.
Envelope, however, has been in English for nearly 300 years,
plenty of time for it to become completely anglicized
and for both of its pronunciations to win respectability.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
Word History
‘Pushing the Envelope’: Don’t Mail It In
The outer limits of an idiom.
What to Know
To push the envelope means
to surpass normal limits or attempt something viewed as radical or risky.
It comes from the aeronautical use of envelope
referring to performance limits that cannot be exceeded safely.
The phrase was originally limited to space flight,
before spreading to other risky physical accomplishments,
and finally metaphorically to any boundary-pushing activity,
such as art.
The phrase push the envelope means
to go beyond normal limits
and to try out a new and different idea
that is often viewed as radical or risky.
Meanings of 'Envelope'
The noun envelope might be most commonly understood
as an item of stationery in which other items can be enclosed
(as for mailing),
but there are a number of other senses of the word
—many from science—that involve enclosure.
These senses include “the outer covering of an aerostat,”
“the bag containing the gas in a balloon or airship,”
“an enclosing membrane,” or
“a curve or surface tangent to each of a family of curves or surfaces.”
Like the related verb envelop,
envelope derives via Middle English
from the Anglo-French envoluper, envoleper,
formed by combining en- (“in”) with voluper (“to wrap”).
The sense of envelope that gave us push the envelope
does not come from stationery,
even thoughit might convey the image of
someone sweetening an offer (as in a negotiation)
by pushing an envelope across a table to another person.
Rather, the envelope in push the envelope comes from aeronautics,
where it refers to a set of performance limits
that may not besafely exceeded.
Spread of "Pushing the Envelope"
The phrase was used with some frequency
within the fields of space flight and aviation,
but it found its way to general audiences
when it appeared in Tom Wolfe’s 1979 award-winning
nonfiction novel The Right Stuff, about the Mercury Seven astronauts
as well as other test pilots of rocket-propelled aircraft,
most notably Chuck Yeager.
In that book, the actual phrase used
is push the outside of the envelope:
The Right Stuff was made into a 1983 feature film
starring Ed Harris, Sam Shepard, and Dennis Quaid,
and the phrase is repeated in iterations throughout the film.
As Wolfe explained to William Safire in 1988,
the term envelope carried the idea of enclosure:
“They were speaking of
the performance capabilities of an airplane as an envelope,
as if there were a boundary.
Why they chose envelope, I don't know,
but if you get outside the envelope, you're in trouble.”
With envelope suggesting a boundary of safety,
push the envelope saw increased use
as a phrase for ratcheting up the risk of an activity.
Metaphorical Use of "Pushing the Envelope"
But metaphoricalpushing the envelope
was less oftenabout physical danger
and more about artistic risk,
putting forward new and radical ideas
that might not be immediately embraced
—the cutting edge,
so to speak, to use another term that employs the language of borders.
Before he talked to Wolfe,
Safire himself had already taken to the metaphorical use
of the phrase in his own writing:
Metaphorical push the envelope continued
to broaden in use over the subsequent decades:
Now pushing the envelope comes with its own risks,
but you don’t need a pilot’s license to do it.
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language:
envelop
Usage Note:
Some people dislike the pronunciation (ŏn′və-lōp′),
arguing that it is pretentious for being pseudo-French
and that it is unnecessary,
since there is a perfectly acceptable Anglicized pronunciation,
(ĕn′və-lōp′).
But the pronunciation with (ŏn) is gaining in acceptability:
in our 1992 survey, 30 percent of the Usage Panel used it exclusively,
and another 9 percent used it occasionally;
by 2011, 46 percent selected it as their preferred pronunciation.
Both forms should be considered standard.