NNF adenosine

b. National

Some interesting R&D on herbs and NFF at PSU:

i. Phyllanthus embrica (Makham Pom) extract for pharmaceutical, functional food and cosmetic products: It has been shown to be immunomodulatory, capable of increasing white blood cells and killing breast and ovary cancer cells.

ii. Jampadah internal skin and hair: Its extract was shown to be non-toxic and is capable of reducing abdominal fat by 50%.

iii. Phom Naang (Lady’s Hair) seaweed: Its hydrocolloidal properties can control weight by increasing the feeling of satiety.

iv. Crude extract from Thai medicinal plants: Extracts from herbs, such as Benjakhan ;

Intanin 

leaves (Largustonia sp.), and

Mala Khee Nok  (Mormodica charanti),

 have been shown to have high hypoglycemic activity.

v. Kad Khao   (Randia siamensis) fruit: Its crude extract contains saponin and pseudoginsenoside-RT and has been used to control fish population in shrimp farming.

vi. Sabu Leuard  (Blood Soap), Stephania venosa, tuber: It contains cytotoxic alkaloids, which can kill breast cancer cells, and has been used to control AIDS.

vii. Benjakoon  A group of five herbs,

 Dee Plee (Pepper longum),

“Cha Plu” (P. sarmentosum),

“Sataan”,

 “Jetamoon Plerng Daeng”,

and ginger,

 are adaptogen, nontoxic, can kill breast and prostate cancer cells, have high antioxidants and are antimicrobial, especially against grampositive bacteria.

viii. Fah Talai Jone” (Andrographis paniculata) and guava (Psidium guajava) leaves: Their extracts promote growth and feed efficiency in diarrheic piglets, are immunomodulatory, can control gastrointestinal problems, and have been used to control AIDS.

ix. Hua-Khao-Yen (Membranacia sp.): It contains high antioxidants and has antimicrobial activity, especially against Candida sp. Its extract can kill breast and lung cancer cells without harming normal cells.

x. Mayom (Phyllanthus acidus) leaves: Its extract contains adenosine, caffeic acid, p-salicylic acid, hypogallic acid, and kaemferol, which have been shown very effective in reducing blood pressure.

xi. Red Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L): Its extract has high antioxidant activity, can reduce blood pressure, control urinary release, reduce fever, kill prostate and liver cancer cells, and has antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria.

xii. Som Khaek (Garcinia cambogia): Its extract is capable of weight control, reducing lipids, and killing breast cancer cells.

 

 

 

Adenosine triphosphate: established and potential clinical applications.

Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) is a purine nucleotide found in every cell of the human body. In addition to its well established role in cellular metabolism, extracellular ATP and its breakdown product adenosine, exert pronounced effects in a variety of biological processes including neurotransmission, muscle contraction, cardiac function, platelet function, vasodilatation and liver glycogen metabolism. These effects are mediated by both P1 and P2 receptors. A cascade of ectonucleotidases plays a role in the effective regulation of these processes and may also have a protective function by keeping extracellular ATP and adenosine levels within physiological limits. In recent years several clinical applications of ATP and adenosine have been reported. In anaesthesia, low dose adenosine reduced neuropathic pain, hyperalgesia and ischaemic pain to a similar degree as morphine or ketamine. Postoperative opioid use was reduced. During surgery, ATP and adenosine have been used to induce hypotension. In patients with haemorrhagic shock, increased survival was observed after ATP treatment. In cardiology, ATP has been shown to be a well tolerated and effective pulmonary vasodilator in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Bolus injections of ATP and adenosine are useful in the diagnosis and treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardias. Adenosine also allowed highly accurate diagnosis of coronary artery disease. In pulmonology, nucleotides in combination with a sodium channel blocker improved mucociliary clearance from the airways to near normal in patients with cystic fibrosis. In oncology, there are indications that ATP may inhibit weight loss and tumour growth in patients with advanced lung cancer. There are also indications of potentiating effects of cytostatics and protective effects against radiation tissue damage. Further controlled clinical trials are warranted to determine the full beneficial potential of ATP, adenosine and uridine 5'-triphosphate.