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The traditional Chinese views are that infertility tends to arise from one or more of three prominent causes. According to these different diagnoses, different herbal formulas must be used for an individual patient:
1. A "Deficiency" syndrome
prevents the hormonal system from properly influencing the sexual and reproductive functions. Deficiency syndromes are treated with tonic herbs that are said to
nourish Qi (e.g., ginseng, codonopsis, atractylodes, astragalus),
Blood (e.g., tang-kuei, peony, ho-shou-wu, gelatin),
Yin (e.g., lycium fruit, ligustrum, eclipta, ophiopogon),
or Yang (e.g., epimedium, cistanche, cuscuta, eucommia), and are selected according to the overall evaluation of symptoms.
2. A "Stagnation" syndrome prevents the sexual and reproductive organs from functioning despite normal hormone levels and normal ability to respond to hormones.
This is said to involve a stagnation of "Qi and blood," which has the impact of restricting circulation to the tissues involved.
Qi stagnation is often noted by tense muscles, restrained anger, and digestive disorders; herbs for resolving the stagnancy include
bupleurum, cyperus, lindera, and various citrus products.
Other symptoms that might arise include abdominal pain or bloating, chronic inflammation, and formation of lumps (including cysts and tumors).
Blood stagnation often occurs following childbirth, surgery, injury, or
severe infection and is typically noted when there is severe pain (such as dysmenorrhea),or hard swellings and obstructions; abnormal cell growth, including dysplasia and cancer, are thought to involve blood stagnation.
Herbs such as salvia, red peony, persica, and carthamus may be used.
3. A "Heat" syndrome, which causes the affected organs to function abnormally. Heat syndromes may be associated with an infection or inflammatory process. This type of syndrome can produce abnormal semen quality leading to male infertility, while gynecologic infections can maintain female infertility by blocking the passages, altering the mucous membrane conditions, or influencing the local temperature.
Herbs that inhibit infections and reduce inflammation are used, including
gardenia, phellodendron, patrinia, and lonicera.
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